 Wysłany: Pon 17:33, 29 Lis 2010 Temat postu: puma online store eruope 9Natural history of the p |
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Life expectancy in the wild is reported at between 8 to 13 years, and probably averages 8 to 10; a female of at least 18 years was reported killed by hunters on Vancouver Island. Pumas may live as long as 20 years in captivity. Causes of death in the wild include discapability and disease, contest with other cougars, starvation, accidents, and, where allowed, human hunting. Feline immunodeficiency virus, an endemic AIDS-like ailment in cats, is well-altered to the cougar. ? Stay in tap with Mundo Azul! Sign up?to our google group “Mundo Azul International” and receive news about our work and nature conservation in Peru, Web site updates,puma online store eruope, action alerts, suggestions on how you can participate or help, volunteer opportunities, internship and job openings and much more. Page author: Stefan Austermühle? Read more about the natural history of the puma. Hunting and diet A successful generalist predator, the puma will eat any animal it can catch, from insects to large ungulates. Like all cats, it is an obligate carnivore, feeding unique on meat. Its most crucial prey species are various deer species, fractionicularly in North America; mule deer, white-tailed deer, elk, and even the large moose are taken by the cat. A survey of North America research found 68% of prey items were ungulates, especially deer. Stay in contact with Mundo Azul! Sign up?to our google group “Mundo Azul International” and receive news about our work and nature conservation in Peru, Web site updates, behavior alerts, suggestions on how you can participate or help, volunteer opportunities, internship and job openings and much more. Become a member of our Facebook group “Mundo Azul International“ Follow us on Twitter Search Home No categoriesHabitats + species Whales and dolphins Cetacean species of Peru Blue whales in Peru Fin whales in Peru Sei whales in Peru Bryde whales in Peru Minke whales in Peru Humpback whales in Peru Southern right whales in Peru Sperm whales in Peru Pygmy sperm whales in Peru Dwarf sperm whales in Peru Bottlenose dolphins of Peru Dusky dolphins of Peru Longbeaked common dolphin ubiquitous dolphins of Peru Spotted dolphins of Peru Spinner dolphins of Peru Striped dolphins of Peru Southern right whale dolphin Short-finned pilot whale Long-finned pilot whale Risso’s dolphin Melon-headed whale Rough-toothed dolphin Pygmy killer whale False killer whale Orcas in Peru Tucuxi Amazon River Dolphin Burmeisters porpoise Cuvier’s beaked whale Gray’s beaked whale Small beaked whale Whale and dolphin watching in Peru Whale and dolphin research Stop dolphin slaughter in Peru Former dolphin killing in Peru Legal protection of dolphins in Peru Illegal dolphin killing in Peru Police training What to do when witnessing dolphin kills Raising awareness against dolphin killing in Peru Stop whaling First aid for stranded whales and dolphins Speak, dolphin killing in Japan Ssummit dolphin killing on Faroe Isearths Freedom for dolphins What you can do to free Wayra and Yaku Life-capture kills Dolphins suffer during transport Life in captivity is hell Captive dolphins kill each other Captivity makes dolphins sick Captivity kills No opportunity for dolphin calves Dolphins must be free The Hotel Los Delfines CILDE – a smoke screen NGO Pre-birth stimulation – a dangerous match Dolphin therapy Does captivity train our children to care Swimming with captive dolphins is dtemperous Save the sharks Stop shark fisheries in Peru Stop shark finning Stop long-length fishing Sea lions + fur seals South American sea lions Southern fur seals Save the sea lions Save the fur seals Otters Marine otters Save the marine otters Neotropical river otter Giant river otter Save the marine turtles Save the Humboldt penguins Underwater life in Peru Morays in Peru Frogfishes in Peru Porcelain crabs of Peru Marine birds of Peru Peruvian diving petrel Peruvian pelican – Pelecanus thagus Shore birds + waterfowl of Peru Terrestrial birds of Peru Andean Condor Natural history of the Andean Condor Save the condor Puma Natural history of the puma Save the puma Wildlife work Pilpintuwasi Fly Chavo and Pauly Zecke and Florian Argus and Igor Junior Lola + Lucas Rosa Marine protected areas National Reserve Guano Islands Guano National Reserve of Paracas Diversity Mendieta Fish diversity sensitive sites bay paracas contamination Tourism paracas Desert oasis Lomas of Lachay Coastal moistlands Challenge 3000 km Desafio 3000 km My video-didiffer How long will it take me Challenge 3000 km event-calender Challenge 3000 km supporters Challenge 3000 km on your social network Challenge 3000 km media reports Get on the ocean and be component of Challenge 3000 km Sustainable living Sustaincapacity Environmental impacts Ecological footprint Carbon footprint Blue World Solutions Consulting My sustainable life Sustainable tourism Zero contamination Clean up Peru How to organize a clean-up How to organize an underwater clean-up Underwater clean-up Pucusana shoreal clean-up project Pucusana Stop the poison Backshore information: Chemical polution Dioxin Stop the sewage Dead zone Bay of Ferol Dead zone Bay of Paracas Join us About us Be a conservation volunteer Emergency Volunteer Project – Save the dolphins What people think about our programs Dolphin conservation volunteer Marine bird, sea lions and sea otter research Be a research diver Amazon river dolphin research Mundo Azuls puma and condor research program Emergency volunteer project – scuba research activityion alerts and signature lists Internships with Mundo Azul Baptize a dolphin Adopt a dolphin Contrule us Dolphin conservation volunteer – online application form Marine birds and mammal volunteer program – online application form Volunteer program – online application form More topics Research projects and exploration Rapid biodiversity assessment northern Peruvian coast Diving Expeditions: Lake Titicaca Geological underwater survey: Laguna Azul Underwater archeology expedition: Laguna de los Condores Underwater archeology expedition: Lakes Urcos + Huacarpay Diving expedition into the Peruvian rainforest Environmental schooling Conservation store Links and resources Videos and slidedemonstrates Media reports about Mundo Azul Natural history of the puma Reproduction and vitalitycycle Females reach sexual maturity between one-and-a-half and three years of age. They quintessentially average one litter every two to three years throughout their reproductive life. Females are sometimes reported as monogamous, but this is uncertain and polygyny may be more universal. Attacks on humans Attacks on humans are infrequent, as puma prey recognition is a learned behavior and they do not generally confess humans as prey. Pumas shun humans and incidents of them killing people are extremely rare. Argentinean folk tales emphasize the harmless nature of the puma. assaults on people, livestock, and pets may occur when the cat habituates to humans. Most of the reported cases of pumas attacking people in North America have not been verified. The ones which have, involved ill, injured or immature animals. There has been recent publicity of an increase in puma assails on humans. In the United States and Canada there were seven documented attacks in the 1980’s. In 1990 there were three. As with many predators, a puma may attack if cornered, if a fleeing human being stimulates its instinct to chase, or if a person “plays dead”. Exaggerating the threat to the animal through intense eye contact, loud but calm shouting, and any other action to emerge larger and more menacing, may make the animal retreat. Fighting back with adhere,s and rocks, or even bare hands, is often effective in spurring an attacking cougar to disengage. Social structure and home range Like almost all cats, the puma is a solitary animal. distinctive; mothers and kittens live in groups, with adults meeting only to mate. It is secretive and crepuscular, being most active around dawn and dusk. Estimates of territory sizes alter greatly. Home range sizes and overall puma abundance depend on terrain, vegetation, and prey abundance.? Canadian Geographic reports large male territories of 150 to 1000 square kilometers (58 to 386 sq mi) with female ranges half the size. Other research suggests a much minute,puma online free shipping,er lower limit of 25 km? (10 sq mi) but an even greater upper limit of 1300 km? (500 sq mi) for males. Male ranges may include or overlap with those of females but, at least where studied, not with those of other males, which serves to abate conflict between pumas. Ranges of females may overlap slightly with each other. Scrape marks,puma online shop 7PUMA Online Shop - Vtements PUMA, urine, and feces are used to mark territory and attract mates. Males may scrape together a small pile of leaves and grasses and then urinate on it as a step of marking territory. ? In the Central and South American puma range, the ratio of deer in the diet declines. Small to mid-size mammals are preferred, including large rodents such as the capybara. Ungulates accounted for only 35% of prey items in one survey, approximately half that of North America. Competition with the larger jaguar has been suggested for the decline in the size of prey items. Other listed prey species of the puma include mice, porcupine, and hares. Birds and small reptiles are sometimes preyed upon in the south,puma speed cat, but this is rarely recorded in North America Become a Mundo Azul conservation volunteer and help protect the pumas of Peru Although pumas resemble the domestic cat, they are about the same size as an adult human. Pumas are slender and agile cats. Adults stand about 60 to 80 cm (2.0 to 2.7 ft) tall at the shoulders. The length of adult males is around 2.4 m (8 ft) long nose to tail, overall ranges between 1.5 and 2.75 meters (5 and 9 feet) nose to tail suggested for the species in general. Males have an average weight of about 53 to 72 kilograms (115 to 160 pounds). In rare cases, some may reach over 120 kg (260 lb). Female average weight is between 34 and 48 kg (75 and 105 lb). ? Read more about how to save the puma. Sub-adults leave their mother to attempt to establish their own territory at around two years of age and sometimes earlier; males tend to leave sooner. Studies have shown high morbidity amongst pumas that travel farthest from the maternal range, often due to conflicts with other pumas (“intraspecific” conflict). Research in New Mexico has shown that “males dispersed significantly farther than females, were more likely to traverse large expanses of non-puma habitat, and were probably most responsible for nuclear gene flow between habitat patches.” Page author: Stefan Austermühle? Though capable of sprinting, the puma is typically an ambush predator. It stalks through brush and trees, across llimits, or other covered spots, before delivering a strengthful leap onto the back of its prey and a suffocating neck bite. It has a flexible spine which aids its killing technique. ? Follow us on Twitter Share| © 2010 mundoazul. Powered by WordPress. Theme by Viva Themes Follow us on twitter or rss Only females are involved in parenting. Female pumas are fiercely protective of their kittens, and have been seen to successfully fight off animals as large as grizzly bears in their defense. Litter size is between one and six kittens, typically two or three. Caves and other alcoves which offer protection are utilized as litter dens. Born blind, kittens are ly depconclusionent on their mother at first, and begin to be weaned at around three months of age. As they grow, they begin to go out on forays with their mother, first visiting kill sites, and after six months inception to hunt minuscule prey on their own. Kitten survival sizes are just over one per litter. |
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