Abercrombie,Nien Rebellion _

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Nien Rebellion

indomitable Chinese people's heroic spirit Nian uprising broke out in North China during the Taiping Revolution peasant uprising. Nien is the beginning of the 19th century activities in Anhui, Shandong, Henan farmers in the vicinity of the secret organization. The so-called Spread their activities, each share is called a twist, at least a few people, dozens of people; more persons, but two to three hundred people. More famine, more people, Although the Qing government has prohibited Results twist, but because the party is scattered twist sporadic armed activities, so do not take it as a scourge. 1853 年 Taiping Northern Expedition, the Huaihe River twist on both sides of the party have to respond. Unfortunately, not well Taiping mobilize and organize them, and twist the party is still farming and soldiers,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], their activities, fighting force. 1855 Yellow River burst (Kaifeng, east of the copper tile car),[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the North River diversion flow into the Great River. Southwest and northern Anhui, northern Jiangsu is very serious disaster, the farmers even more hungry. In the same year, the party chiefs twist Pheasant River in Anhui Province set (Guoyang) meetings,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the elected Zhang Luo Hong (Zhang Le line) is the chief and No. Since then, Luo Zhang Nian under unified command line, as the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in the north of the allies. The activities of the Qing Nian great concern, because their activities are not the Taiping areas along the Yangtze River, more than heaven and earth will be the southern provinces, but active in the Huai River north and south, until the Shandong, Henan, closer to the heart of the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, the Nian Qing Dynasty and the Taiping often tied, called But Nian in all aspects of standards are not as good as the Taiping: first, are still scattered, fragmented nature, it is difficult unified command; Second, cavalry-based, mobile operations, very few, and Qing tough fight, big fight ; Third, the lack of clear goals and programs, and even Zeng said: Despite this, the Taiping Nien is friendly to, or made no small record. In 1862, the Taiping Wang Feng Zhang Luo behavior fertile, Lord North levy. 1863, Zhang Luo-line expense of his nephew Zhang Zongyu Pheasant Creek set to recover and continue to struggle. 1866 In the fall, the state Nian Hui in Henan (Xuchang) into two: East twist and Xinian. East Nian Army by the Lai Wenguang,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], any of the state leadership, fought in the Central Plains; West Nian Zhang Zongyu by the leadership into Shaanxi, with the East Nian Army echo. Li Zeng, and later saw the Nian weakness and change the method followed in pursuit, to to a narrow region is difficult to ride, so no current raid the talent to play. East Nian Army is forced to Shandong peninsula that Dengzhou (Penglai), Laizhou (Yexian) along the small area. Nien at this time is alone; Nien is the enemy of the combined forces of Chinese and foreign reactionaries. The end of 1867, East Nian Army was defeated in turn Suzhou, was first appointed the Ministry of State (PAN expensive liters) killed; Lai Wenguang and captured in Yangzhou (January 1868) sacrifice. West Nien's main rival is General Tso. They crushed the tang of the siege, back to aid East Nian Army into Shanxi, hit Zhili, soldier front directed at Beijing. Qing vibration, ordered the capital of martial law. West Nian time (February 1868), is alone. They Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces plain combat, weakened the power. Their enemy is Li, Zuo, and British and French invaders in the coalition forces and the poor. August 1868,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the West Nien is trapped in the Yellow River, the canal, between Tuhai River, the results annihilated, Zhang Zongyu vote Tuhai River died. Nien struggle since the beginning of 1853, upheld the 16 years of heroic struggle, in the northern land a heavy blow to the corrupt rule of the Qing Dynasty, it reflects the Chinese people's heroic fight of the revolutionary spirit.

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