MAC Cosmetics Optimization of reactive power compe

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Optimization of reactive power compensation

Abstract: In recent years,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], with further improvement in the rural power grid, power industry and agriculture have been expanding, growing and electricity consumption changes in the structure, making the power supply and demand become sharp. Supply of electricity to force people to do more articles on Energy Conservation, so people under the operating characteristics of power grid, never power consumption of active power transmission point of view, the implementation of reactive power compensation.
Keywords: Optimization of reactive power compensation

Recent years, with further improvement of the rural power grid, electricity been expanding industrial and agricultural production, the growing power consumption and power structure changes, so electricity supply-demand more and more prominent. Supply of electricity to force people to do more articles on Energy Conservation, so people under the operating characteristics of power grid, never power consumption of active power transmission point of view, the implementation of reactive power compensation.
Is well known that in the run-time power grid, power supply reactive power is converted to other forms of energy to the premise of the electrical energy transmission, conversion and create the conditions. Without it, transformer substation and transmission power can not be without it, the motor's rotating magnetic field to be built up,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the motor will not rotate. But the long distance transportation reactive power, active power loss and will result in lower voltage quality, which not only affect the safe operation of power network, but also affect the quality of the product. Therefore, how to reduce the reactive power of the long-distance transmission, has become the power sector and power enterprise essential research topic. Therefore with the consumption of electricity equipment, the amount of reactive power in the load more focused, more reactive power consumption of the location of the addition of reactive power, enabling the in situ reactive power demand is resolved, it will not only reduce the reactive power the energy transfer process caused by loss and voltage drop, and increased power for both the economic and social's sense. However, despite the compensation of reactive power to give certain businesses and community benefits, but the compensation process need to consider many issues, that is how to compensate, to receive the best results? This requires that the compensation process must abide by certain principles, methods, and make scientific and reasonable compensation, can have a multiplier effect.
1 the principle of reactive power compensation
Overall planning, rational distribution, classification of compensation, in-place balance, as follows.
Overall balance and local equilibrium combination of both to meet the entire network of the total reactive power balance, but also to meet the sub-lines, sub-station, the reactive power balance.
Focus on compensation and dispersion compensation combined with scattered mainly of compensation, which requires a centralized place in the load compensation,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], we must focus on large-capacity in the substation to compensate, but also in the distribution lines, distribution transformers and the use of Electric Equipment Service for Dispersion Compensation, aims to achieve a balance of reactive power locally,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], to reduce their long distance transportation.
Compensation and low voltage compensation high-pressure combined with low-voltage compensation based, dispersion compensation for this and complementary.
Loss reduction and voltage regulation combined loss of the main dynasties, both regulator. This is for the long lines, many branches,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], load dispersion, power factor and low line, this line features the most significant: load low line loss of a large, if this line compensation can significantly improve the power supply line capacity.
Power sector, compensation of reactive power compensation and user combination, because about 60% of reactive power consumed in the distribution transformer, the rest of the electricity consumed in the user equipment, if they are not well coordinated with and may causing light load or no load over compensation owed compensation for full load, so that compensation for lost its real meaning, not the desired results.
2 according to the principle of compensation, reactive power compensation capacity
With this fundamental principle, according to reactive movement of the power systems, identify some major compensation and capacity.
Substation high voltage focus compensation: The compensation is in the substation 10 (6) kV bus on the concentration of the installation of high voltage shunt capacitor banks to compensate reactive no-load transformer losses and line reactive power up leak. At present, agriculture online, in addition to bulk users, the county bureau basically using this compensation. For example: Shexian the substation without artificial compensation ago cosφ = 0.85, according to power factor (0.85) to adjust electricity standard, on a monthly fine of 2.5% of total electricity through all the stations installed capacitor compensation, average cosφ = 0.9, 0.5% less electricity per month, one year, the power factor Award electricity is about 60 million, an increase of benefits for the enterprise.
With line compensation: will be installed in high voltage capacitors scattered distribution lines, the main line on the compensation of reactive power consumption, but also can increase the line terminal voltage and improve voltage quality. The compensation capacity generally follow the \ Example 1: a 10kV line and a length of 5km, wire Model LGJ-70, where g = 0.46W/km, X 0 = 0.411Ω/km, brought about by load 200 + j150, the end of the line compensation Q C = 100kvar, request line loss and voltage drop.
① request line loss
Compensation ago: △ P 1 = 3 × I 2 R = 3 × (200 2 + 150 2 ) / 10 2 × 5 × 0.46 = 4313W.
Compensated: △ P 2 = 3 × I 2 R = 3 × [200 2 + (150 - 100) 2 ] / 10 2 × 5 × 0.46 = 2933W.
The loss of a year less electricity: △ A = (△ P 1 - △ P 2 ) T × 10-3 = (4313 - 2933) × 365 × 24 × 10 -3 = 12089kWh.
② voltage drop requirements
Compensation ago: △ U = (PR + QX) / U = (200 × 0.46 × 5 + 150 × 0.411 × 5) / 10 = 77V.
Compensated: △ U = (PR + QX) / U = [200 × 0.46 × 5 + (150 - 100) × 0.411 × 5] / 10 = 56V.
So compensated voltage from 9.92kV up to 9.94kV, improve voltage quality.
3 with the device Compensation
The capacitors installed in the low voltage side of distribution transformers, distribution transformers primarily no-load compensation of reactive power and reactive power flux leakage. In general, the low rate of rural power network distribution transformer load, light load or no load when the load reactive power transformer no-load excitation is mainly reactive, with variable reactive power compensation therefore not easy to exceed the load capacity of reactive power, otherwise, changes in the distribution close to the load may cause excessive compensation, it should be type Q b ≤ I 0 % S e / 100 (of which: I 0 % is the percentage of load current from the manual can be found, S e is the transformer's rated capacity), but for industrial users of transformer compensation, its load high rate of compensation should be from the perspective of raising output transformer.
Example 2: Shexian seed field with a transformer S e = 80kVA, cosφ = 0.8, with a pump motor P e = 75kW, P = S e × cosφ = 80 × 0.8 = 64kW ; 75kW, by the formula Q b = P × tgφ known, should be reactive power compensation Q b = 25kvar.
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