john2072
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Dołączył: 26 Sty 2011
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 Wysłany: Pon 9:00, 07 Mar 2011 Temat postu: On the Makaloa Mat LondonJack Publishedaambxm |
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concerned two related topics'group selection'
and 'kin selection'. The 'group selection' debate was sparked off by
Wynne-Edwards [who suggested that behavioural adaptations] had
360 Extracts from reviews
evolved by 'group selection' - i.e. through the survival of some groups
and the extinction of others .
At almost the same timeW.D. Hamilton raised another question
about how natural selection acts. He pointed out that if a gene were to
cause its possessor to sacrifice its life in order to save the lives of sev-
eral relativesthere might be more copies of the gene present afterwards
than if the sacrifice had not been made . To model the process
quantitativelyHamilton introduced the concept of 'inclusive fit-
ness' . which includesnot only an individual's own offspringbut
any additional offspring raised by relatives with the help of that
individualappropriately scaled by the degree of relationship
Dawkinswhile acknowledging the debt we owe to Hamilton
suggests that he erred in making a last-ditch attempt to retain the
concept of fitnessand that he would have been wiser to adopt a full-
blooded 'gene's eye' view of evolution. He urges us to recognise the
fundamental distinction bet [link widoczny dla zalogowanych][link widoczny dla zalogowanych]n 'replicayilai:
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